Our , you know, is a society without fathers . I do not know whether it is possible to trace successfully biological roots of a social group. It is certain that the weakening of the sense of identity, closely linked to the progressive fragmentation of intergenerational ties and collective memory, is doing today to dramatically increase the need to go looking for reference points - the value of which is clearly linked to particular 'symbolic imagery - which may serve as an anchor in some way. A search for roots, in fact, a search of belongings, a search of fathers !
If we consider that early human ancestors were not biological but adopted, it might be interesting then to reflect on some of the steps that have contributed to the invention of this particular figure.
It is not known exactly how many generations need a new behavior to become a permanent feature of a species. As for the father's behavior, however, is certainly clear that one day it appeared, it spread and then stabilized until you belong to any known human society, with some minor and insignificant exceptions, (such as in southern China, where it seems the men are limited to revisit night women, do not live with them).
Some experts tend to reconstruct the paths that led to the emerging and spread of such a revolutionary behavior as follows: few million years ago, in Africa, the coupling of our ancestors had to be regulated by heat than females, as still occurs in animals. Between male and female there was no kind of stable relationship. They feed mainly on leaves and fruit, whose collection did not require travel organization or group. The social life probably took the form of small to medium sized bands, as in most of the apes. Then, gradually, there were - among others - the following basic steps: the gradual stabilization of bipedalism, with subsequent transformation of the functions of hands (beginning, inter alia, to be used for the transport of objects , food and - most importantly - the children), the beginning of a profound separation of tasks between the sexes: if the hands of women-mothers were occupied by children, food and defense were to begin to provide for the males. This revolutionary attitude clearly begin to be rewarded by selection ( those who preserved the behavior of a monkey- fathers and non-spartan the food with their children, had less chance of genetic survival. Their numbers are, inevitably, will tend to decrease).
appearance was a new attitude, evolutionarily successful! The male will start to become a constant presence, as intermittent as a result of his hunting expeditions.
But this is to be noted at least one final fundamental phenomenon: the old paths of "one way" in search of prey, you will begin to substitute another type of journey, one that will also include "The Return" a return to the starting point , the return "on home, "the birth of a vital link to a site, the invention of belonging, the preconditions, in short, for the birth of the family of human societies, and why not, with all subsequent search of the roots of myths. 
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